Andre derain fauvism biography of mahatma gandhi

André Derain

French artist and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse (–)

"Derain" redirects here.

Biography of mahatma gandhi death In , the art dealer Ambroise Vollard purchased the entire contents of Derain's studio, and in Derain produced his most famous Fauvist painting Big Ben, London. Unfortunately however, his artistic studies were put on hold between and when he was conscripted into the army. Derain's paintings of later years are less well known; he focused primarily on still lifes and landscapes, drawings and lithographs. It paved the way for the emergence of other avant-garde movements, further expanding the boundaries of artistic expression.

For other uses, see Derain (disambiguation).

André Derain (, French:[ɑ̃dʁedəʁɛ̃]; 10 June – 8 September ) was a French artist, painter, sculptor and co-founder of Fauvism with Henri Matisse.[1]

Life and career

Early years

Derain was born in in Chatou, Yvelines, Île-de-France, just outside Paris.

In he began to study on his own, contrary to claims that meeting Vlaminck or Matisse began his efforts to paint, and occasionally went to the countryside with an old friend of Cézanne's, Father Jacomin along with his two sons.[2] In , while studying to be an engineer at the Académie Camillo,[3] he attended painting classes under Eugène Carrière, and there met Matisse.

In , he met and shared a studio with Maurice de Vlaminck and together they began to paint scenes in the neighbourhood, but this was interrupted by military service at Commercy from September to [4] Following his release from service, Matisse persuaded Derain's parents to allow him to abandon his engineering career and devote himself solely to painting; subsequently Derain attended the Académie Julian.[5]

Fauvism

Derain and Matisse worked together through the summer of in the Mediterranean village of Collioure and Derain completed the Mountains at Collioure painting.[6] Later that year they displayed their highly innovative paintings at the Salon d'Automne.

The vivid, unnatural colors led the critic Louis Vauxcelles to derisively dub their works as les Fauves, or "the wild beasts", marking the start of the Fauvist movement.[7] In March , the noted art dealer Ambroise Vollard sent Derain to London to produce a series of paintings with the city as subject. In 30 paintings (29 of which are still extant), Derain presented a portrait of London that was radically different from anything done by previous painters of the city such as Whistler or Monet.

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    • With bold colors and compositions, Derain painted multiple pictures of the Thames and Tower Bridge. These London paintings remain among his most popular work. Art critic T. G Rosenthal: "Not since Monet has anyone made London seem so fresh and yet remain quintessentially English. Some of his views of the Thames use the Pointillist technique of multiple dots, although by this time, because the dots have become much larger, it is rather more simply the separation of colours called Divisionism and it is peculiarly effective in conveying the fragmentation of colour in moving water in sunlight."[8]

    In art dealer Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler purchased Derain's entire studio, granting Derain financial stability.

    He experimented with stone sculpture and moved to Montmartre to be near his friend Pablo Picasso and other noted artists. Fernande Olivier, Picasso's mistress at the time, described Derain[9] as:

    Slim, elegant, with a lively colour and enamelled black hair. With an English chic, somewhat striking. Fancy waistcoats, ties in crude colours, red and green.

    Always a pipe in his mouth, phlegmatic, mocking, cold, an arguer.

    At Montmartre, Derain began to shift from the brilliant Fauvist palette to more muted tones, showing the influence of Cubism and Paul Cézanne.[10] (According to Gertrude Stein, Derain may have been influenced by African sculpture before Picasso.)[11] Derain supplied woodcuts in primitivist style for an edition of Guillaume Apollinaire's first book of prose, L'enchanteur pourrissant ().

    He displayed works at the Neue Künstlervereinigung in Munich in ,[12] in at the secessionist Der Blaue Reiter[13] and in at the seminal Armory Show in New York. He also illustrated a collection of poems by Max Jacob in

    Towards a new classicism

    See also: Return to order

    At about this time Derain's work began overtly reflecting his study of the Old Masters.

    The role of color was reduced and forms became austere; the years – are sometimes referred to as his gothic period. In he was mobilized for military service in World War I and until his release in he would have little time for painting, although in he provided a set of illustrations for André Breton's first book, Mont de Piete.

    After the war, Derain won new acclaim as a leader of the renewed classicism then ascendant.

    With the wildness of his Fauve years far behind, he was admired as an upholder of tradition.[14] In he designed the balletLa Boutique fantasque for Diaghilev, leader of the Ballets Russes.[15] A major success, it would lead to his creating many ballet designs.

    The s marked the height of his success, as he was awarded the Carnegie Prize in for his Still-life with Dead Game and began to exhibit extensively abroad—in London, Berlin, Frankfurt, Düsseldorf, New York City and Cincinnati, Ohio.[9]

    During the German occupation of France in World War II, Derain lived primarily in Paris and was much courted by the Germans because he represented the prestige of French culture.

    Derain accepted an invitation to make an official visit to Germany in , and traveled with other French artists to Berlin to attend a Nazi exhibition of an officially endorsed artist, Arno Breker.[10] Derain's presence in Germany was used effectively by Nazi propaganda, and after the Liberation he was branded a collaborator and ostracized by many former supporters.[16]

    A year before his death, he contracted an eye infection from which he never fully recovered.

    He died in Garches, Hauts-de-Seine, Île-de-France, France in when he was struck by a moving vehicle.[17]

    Derain's London paintings were the subject of a major exhibition at the Courtauld Institute from 27 October to 22 January [18]

    Gallery

    • Self-portrait in studio, c.&#;, oil on canvas, × &#;cm, National Gallery of Australia

    • Pinède à Cassis (Landscape), , oil on canvas, 54 × 65&#;cm, Musée Cantini, Marseille

    • Paysage à Cassis, , oil on canvas, 54 × 64&#;cm, Musée d'art moderne de Troyes

    • Landscape in Provence (Paysage de Provence), c.

      , oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn

    • Baigneuses (Esquisse), c.&#;, oil on canvas, 38 × 46&#;cm, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris

    • View of Cagnes, , oil on canvas, Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany

    • La Table (The Table), , oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

    • The Last Supper, , oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Art Institute of Chicago

    • Window on the Park (La Fenêtre sur le parc), , oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Museum of Modern Art

    • Nature morte (Still Life), , oil on canvas, × &#;cm, The State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

      Reproduced in Du "Cubisme",

    • Le Samedi, –14, oil on canvas, × &#;cm, Pushkin Museum, Moscow

    • Portrait of a Girl in Black, , Hermitage Museum

    • Portrait of a Man with a Newspaper, –, Hermitage Museum

    • Nu debout, (Automne), limestone, 95 x 33 x 17&#;cm, Musée National d'Art Moderne

    • Photograph of Derain published in Gelett Burgess, "The Wild Men of Paris", Architectural Record, May Sculpture: Nu debout (Standing Woman),

    Public collections

    Among the public collections holding works by André Derain are:

    Nazi-looted art

    In , a French court ordered that three paintings by Derain, Paysage à Cassis (ou Vue de Cassis), La Chapelle-sous-Crécy were restituted[19] and Pinède, Cassis should be restituted to the heirs of René Gimpel, from whom they had been looted during the Nazi occupation of France.[20] Gimpel's family had submitted the claim in [21] In Derain's Still Life With a Bottle was restituted to the heirs of Dane Reichsmann, who was murdered in Auschwitz with his wife.[22][23]

    See also

    References

    1. ^Sabine, Rewald.

      "Fauvism". from Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, –. Archived from the original on 14 December Retrieved

    2. ^Diehl , p.8
    3. ^Cowling and Mundy , p
    4. ^Diehl p
    5. ^"International Painting and Sculpture - Le Cavalier au cheval blanc".

      Andre derain fauvism biography of mahatma gandhi for kids By Derain, like the Cubist painters George Braque and Pablo Picasso, was also showing considerable interest in primitive art forms, such as African sculpture , which could be seen in the ethnographical museum in Paris. He remained in his studio until , at which point he entered the Paris studio of the Symbolist painter Eugene Carriere. Once there, he married Alice Prense, who was described as a laid back, beautiful woman and was nicknamed " La Vierge " the Holy Virgin. These experiences, coupled with his academic training and personal explorations, sculpted Derain into an artist ready to challenge conventions and embrace innovation.

      National Gallery of Australia. Retrieved

    6. ^"Mountains at Collioure by André Derain at National Gallery of Art". Rolfes. Retrieved 1 July
    7. ^"Gil Blas / dir. A. Dumont".

    8. Item 1 of 3
    9. André Derain - Pioneer of Fauvism and Modern Art
    10. André Derain Paintings, Bio, Ideas | TheArtStory
    11. Item 1 of 1
    12. André Derain: A Pioneer of Fauvism and Cubism - Abirpothi

      13. Gallica. Retrieved

    13. ^Tom Rosenthal, reviewing Derain's London paintings on show at the Courtauld Gallery, The Independent 4 December
    14. ^ abClement , p.
    15. ^ ab"Works on View: André Derain".

      Guggenheim Hermitage Museum. Archived from the original on 25 January Retrieved

    16. ^Stein, Gertrude (November ). Stein, The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas. Random House Publishing.

      Andre derain fauvism biography of mahatma gandhi De Vlaminck was primarily a landscapist, and encouraged Derain to paint landscapes. Whereas in works by later Expressionist artists there is an emphasis on the freedom from contemporary social constraints experienced by young women, Derain's specifically emphasizes his figure's imprisonment by societal restrictions. Also exhibiting were Rouault, Manguin, Camoin and de Vlaminck. The upper section, devoted to the buildings and sky, is painted with vertically-oriented brushstrokes, while the bottom section, describing the water and the boat, is painted with horizontal ones.

      ISBN&#;.

    17. ^Hamilton , p.
    18. ^Sotriffer , p. 59
    19. ^Cowling and Mundy , pp. 92–93
    20. ^"Australia Dancing leaps into Trove". Archived from the original on
    21. ^Dorléac, Laurence Bertrand (). Art of the Defeat: France . Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute. pp.&#;83– ISBN&#;.

      Retrieved 14 February

    22. ^"André Derain Biography". Namen der Kunst. Art Directory GmbH. Retrieved
    23. ^Brettell, Richard R., Paul Hayes Tucker, and Natalie Henderson Lee (). The Robert Lehman Collection. III, III.

      Andre derain fauvism biography of mahatma gandhi in english There is no direct engagement with the viewer, illustrating the artist's respect for his subject. Mature Period. Derain received a great deal of recognition during his lifetime. But there is a double reason behind this surfeit of expression: the forms issue from full outdoor light and are meant to be seen in full light

      New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Museum of Art in association with Princeton University Press. p. ISBN&#;

    24. ^"Décision de restituer trois tableaux d'André Derain à la famille de René Gimpel". (in French). Retrieved
    25. ^"Marseille&#;: un tableau du peintre fauviste Derain, butin des nazis, restitué à ses propriétaires".

      France 3 Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (in French). Retrieved

    26. ^Laborie, Aurore. "One family's battle to be reunited with art looted by the Nazis".

      Biography of mahatma gandhi hindi: Following are some artworks of this artist. Paul Gauguin. He was also an illustrator, set designer and sculptor. It is thus understood that the relations between volumes can express light or the coincidence of light with this or that form.

      . Retrieved

    27. ^"In apparent first, Croatia restores looted art to grandson of Holocaust victim". . Retrieved
    28. ^"La Croatie restitue plusieurs œuvres d'art spoliées au petit-fils d'une victime de la Shoah | Gazette Drouot". (in French). Retrieved

    Further reading

    • Clement, Russell ().

      Les Fauves: A Sourcebook. Greenwood Press. ISBN&#;

    • Cowling, Elizabeth; Mundy, Jennifer (). On Classic Ground: Picasso, Léger, de Chirico and the New Classicism –. London: Tate Gallery. ISBN&#;X
    • Diehl, Gaston (). Derain. Crown Publishers, Inc. ISBN&#;
    • Hamilton, George Heard (). Painting and Sculpture in Europe, –.

      Yale University Press. ISBN&#;

    • Sotriffer, Kristian (). Expressionism and Fauvism. McGraw-Hill. OCLC&#;

    External links